A genetic test to predict a baby's risk of developing autism has been developed by Melbourne researchers, paving the way for earlier intervention to improve behaviour and functioning.

Research led by Melbourne University identified 237 markers in 146 genes that predicted a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in 70 per cent of cases.

Neuropsychologist Renee Testa said children were often diagnosed with autism at age three or four and only after there was "a significant and negative impact on a child's level of functioning".

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